The Electromagnetic Force output [EMF output] will represent the total energy gain to the system during the endothermic electric field charge, during a parameter-controlled charge and discharge.
EMF joules x time = output power = φ ion+ x Ie-total (Equation 9)
φ ion+total measured in volts
Total electron current = Ie- total = I supply electrons e- + I system electrons e- + I environmental electrons e-
I supply electrons e- = Electrons from supply current
I system electrons e- = Electrons from system atoms
I environmental electrons e- = Electrons from environment
There are 2 components which represent the energy gain,
I system electrons e- = Electrons from system atoms
I environmental electrons e- = Electrons from environment